12 Law¶
Legal translation demands precision. A mistranslated term can change the meaning of a contract, invalidate a court document, or create liability. Pauhu's Law domain uses specialized models trained on legal corpora from 27 EU jurisdictions.
Domain Coverage¶
The EuroVoc Law domain includes:
| Sub-domain | Examples |
|---|---|
| 1211 Civil law | Contracts, property, family law, inheritance |
| 1216 Criminal law | Offenses, penalties, criminal procedure |
| 1221 Justice | Courts, judges, legal proceedings |
| 1226 Organization of the legal system | Judicial systems, legal professions |
| 1231 International law | Treaties, international courts, humanitarian law |
| 1236 Rights and freedoms | Human rights, civil liberties, data protection |
Specialized Terminology¶
Legal Term Precision¶
| Source Term | Generic Translation | Pauhu Legal Translation |
|---|---|---|
| "consideration" (contract) | harkinta | vastike |
| "waiver" | luopuminen | oikeudesta luopuminen |
| "tort" | vääryys | vahingonkorvausoikeudellinen rikkomus |
| "injunction" | kielto | tuomioistuimen kielto |
| "due process" | asianmukainen menettely | oikeusturva |
Cross-Jurisdictional Awareness¶
| Concept | Common Law (UK/US) | Civil Law (EU) | Finnish Law |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contract formation | Offer + acceptance + consideration | Agreement + causa | Sopimus |
| Evidence standard | Beyond reasonable doubt | Intimate conviction | Näyttökynnys |
| Legal precedent | Binding (stare decisis) | Persuasive | Oikeuskäytäntö |
Use Cases¶
Court Documents¶
from pauhu import Pauhu
client = Pauhu()
# Translate court ruling with legal precision
ruling = client.translate(
text="""
The Court hereby orders that the defendant shall pay
damages in the amount of EUR 50,000, plus interest at
the statutory rate from the date of judgment.
""",
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
document_type="court_ruling"
)
# Result:
# Tuomioistuin määrää täten, että vastaajan on maksettava
# vahingonkorvausta 50 000 euron määrässä, lisättynä
# lakisääteisellä korolla tuomion antamispäivästä lukien.
Contracts¶
# Translate contract with clause-level accuracy
contract = client.documents.translate(
file="./supply-agreement.pdf",
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
options={
"preserve_numbering": True,
"terminology_strict": True,
"defined_terms": "./contract-definitions.csv"
}
)
Regulations¶
# Translate EU regulation with legal terminology
regulation = client.translate(
text="""
Member States shall ensure that controllers implement
appropriate technical and organisational measures to
ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk.
""",
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
regulation_type="EU"
)
# Uses EUR-Lex official translation conventions
Quality Assurance¶
Legal QA Checks¶
| Check | What It Validates |
|---|---|
| Terminology consistency | Same term translated same way throughout |
| Defined terms | Contract-defined terms used correctly |
| Cross-references | Article/section references preserved |
| Numerical accuracy | Amounts, dates, percentages correct |
| Legal formulas | Standard legal phrases rendered correctly |
Quality Scoring¶
result = client.translate(
text=legal_text,
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
quality_report=True
)
print(result.quality_report)
# {
# "overall_score": 96,
# "terminology_score": 98,
# "consistency_score": 95,
# "formatting_score": 97,
# "issues": [
# {
# "type": "terminology",
# "source": "plaintiff",
# "found": "kantaja",
# "suggestion": "Consider context: civil vs. criminal"
# }
# ]
# }
Legal Corpora¶
Training Sources¶
| Source | Documents | Languages |
|---|---|---|
| EUR-Lex | 2.5M+ documents | 24 EU languages |
| ECHR Case Law | 150K+ cases | 2 (EN, FR) + translations |
| National Courts | 500K+ rulings | Per jurisdiction |
| Legal Journals | 100K+ articles | Multiple |
| Contract Database | 50K+ contracts | EN, DE, FR, FI |
Terminology Databases¶
| Database | Terms | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
| IATE | 8M+ terms | EU institutions |
| EUROVOC Law | 50K+ terms | Legal thesaurus |
| Finlex Terminology | 25K terms | Finnish law |
| Black's Law Dictionary | 50K terms | Common law |
Compliance¶
Legal Translation Standards¶
| Standard | Compliance |
|---|---|
| ISO 17100 | ✅ Certified process |
| EN 15038 | ✅ Quality requirements |
| ATA Certification | ✅ Equivalent quality |
Court-Admissible Translations¶
For certified translations:
# Request certified translation
certified = client.translate(
text=legal_document,
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
certification={
"type": "court_admissible",
"certifier": "authorized_translator",
"jurisdiction": "FI"
}
)
# Returns translation with certification metadata
# Ready for court submission
Human Review
For court-admissible translations, Pauhu provides MT + human certified translator review. This combines AI efficiency with legal certification requirements.
Integration Examples¶
Case Management Systems¶
# Integrate with legal case management
from pauhu.integrations import LegalCMS
cms = LegalCMS(
system="clio", # or "practicelaw", "lexisnexis"
api_key=cms_api_key
)
# Auto-translate incoming foreign-language documents
cms.watch_inbox(
target_language="fi",
domain="12 Law",
auto_classify=True
)
E-Discovery¶
# Translate e-discovery document sets
ediscovery = client.batch.translate(
source_folder="./discovery-documents/",
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
options={
"preserve_metadata": True,
"bates_numbering": True,
"privilege_detection": True
}
)
Finnish Legal Context¶
Finlex Integration¶
Pauhu integrates with Finlex (Finland's official legal database):
# Translate with Finlex terminology
result = client.translate(
text=legal_text,
target="fi",
domain="12 Law",
terminology_source="finlex"
)
Finnish Legal Terminology¶
| English | Finnish | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Act | Laki | Statute |
| Decree | Asetus | Government decree |
| Court of Appeal | Hovioikeus | Regional appellate court |
| Supreme Court | Korkein oikeus | Highest court |
| District Court | Käräjäoikeus | First instance court |
| Prosecutor | Syyttäjä | Public prosecutor |
| Plaintiff | Kantaja | Civil case |
| Defendant | Vastaaja | Both civil and criminal |
Getting Started¶
Quick Start¶
from pauhu import Pauhu
client = Pauhu()
# Translate legal text
result = client.translate(
text="The parties hereby agree to the following terms and conditions.",
target="fi",
domain="12 Law"
)
print(result.translation)
# "Osapuolet sopivat täten seuraavista ehdoista."
Project Setup¶
# Create legal translation project
project = client.projects.create(
name="Contract Translation Q1",
domain="12 Law",
languages=["en", "fi"],
settings={
"terminology_strict": True,
"glossary": "./legal-terms-en-fi.csv",
"quality_threshold": 90
}
)
# Upload contracts
for contract in contracts:
project.upload(contract)
# Translate with legal QA
results = project.translate(target="fi")
Learn More¶
-
Legal Terminology
Browse legal terminology database.
-
Contract Templates
Pre-configured for common contracts.
-
Court Documents
Guide to court document translation.
-
Certified Translation
Court-admissible certified translation.